According to experts, the sown area for the "borsch set" in 2019 amounted to 1.47 million hectares with a total gross yield of 28.8 million tons of products. The largest share in the structure of crops is occupied by potatoes - 85%, cabbage accounts for about 5%, the remaining 10% are divided by table beets, table carrots and onions.
In 2020, the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia predicted an increase in the cultivated area for potatoes from 1.25 million hectares to 1.3 million hectares, but, according to current estimates, in 2020, potatoes were harvested from an area of 1.18 million hectares. Thus, the sown area for the "borsch set" in 2020 decreased to 1.41 million hectares, which is the lowest figure in the last 10 years (Graph 1). In 2021, it is projected to increase the sown area to 1.52 million hectares, including for: potatoes - 1.3 million hectares, cabbage - 76 thousand hectares, table beets - 35 thousand hectares, table carrots - 50 thousand hectares., onions - 60 thousand hectares.
Schedule 1. Sown area (thousand hectares).
("Borscht set": potatoes, cabbage, table beets, table carrots, onions).
Source: Rosstat and the Ministry of Agriculture Following the decrease in acreage, the dynamics of a decrease in gross harvests is observed. The total gross harvest of the "borsch set" in 2019 amounted to 28.8 million tonnes, but already in 2020, according to preliminary estimates, it will amount to about 26 million tonnes, which is primarily due to a significant decrease in the gross harvest of potatoes from 22 million tonnes. tons in 2019 to 19.6 million tons in 2020. According to a preliminary forecast of sown areas for 2021, the gross harvest may amount to 27.85 million tons, including: potatoes - 21.5 million tons, cabbage - 2, 53 million tons, table beets 0.81 million tons, table carrots - 1.42 million tons, onions - 1.6 million tons. It is worth noting the increase in yield over the past 10 years for all vegetables included in " borscht set ". In 2011, the yield of potatoes was 148 c / ha, while the last 5 years the average yield was already at the level of 165 c / ha, the yield of cabbage increased from 280 c / ha to 330 c / ha, table beet from 200 c / ha to 230 c / ha, table carrots from 220 c / ha to 280 c / ha, onions from 220 c / ha to 260 c / ha. Over the past few years, there has been a positive dynamics of foreign economic activity, imports decreased to the Russian Federation, while exports from the country increased in kind. Schedule 2. Foreign economic activity of the Russian Federation, thousand tons Source: Federal Customs Service of Russia Import in 2016 amounted to 1.2 million tons of "borsch set", and already in 2020 0.82 million tons, export, in turn, in 2016. amounted to 0.25 million tons, in 2020 0.52 million tons. Ukraine and Uzbekistan significantly increased the import of potatoes from the Russian Federation. In 2018, Ukraine imported 122 thousand tons of potatoes from the Russian Federation, in 2020 almost 170 thousand tons, Uzbekistan increased imports from 7 thousand tons in 2018 to 80 thousand tons in 2020. A significant decrease in production and the increase in exports has led to a low level of resource use in the RF. The dynamics of retail prices for the “borsch set” products has a pronounced seasonal dependence and no significant changes are observed. But already at the end of the year there was an increase in almost every product of the “borsch set” (Graph 3). Potatoes have grown significantly in price, up to 29.2 rubles / kg in December 2020, against 21.4 rubles / kg a year earlier, this is primarily due to a decrease in the internal resource of use. A similar situation is observed for other products. Schedule 3. Consumer prices, rub. Source: Rosstat “In recent years, the Russian Federation has been significantly increasing its export deliveries in many areas of agriculture. This is undoubtedly a positive factor for the development of the industry as a whole, - notes Ekaterina Babaeva, General Director of Interagro. “Judging by the products of the borsch set, at the moment there is a significant level of imports by the Russian Federation, and such a sharp increase in export deliveries should be supported by an increase in the gross domestic harvest in order to prevent a shortage of products and a rise in prices in the domestic market.” (Source: www.interagro.info).
